The use of intravenous therapy.

The aim of this article is to increase your understanding of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and provide the rationale for the care and management of patients undergoing intravenous fluid therapy. After reading this article, you should be able to: Describe different body fluid compartments. Define the principles of osmosis, diffusion and filtration in relation to the movement of water and solutes between compartments. Differentiate between hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions. Understand the role of electrolytes in fluid balance. Identify the signs and symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Explain the different reasons for commencing intravenous fluid therapy. State the different types of intravenous fluid and give a rationale for their use. Analyse the nurse’s role in observing and supporting the patient undergoing intravenous fluid therapy.